Obierikas Strong Sense - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 583 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Things Fall Apart Essay Did you like this example? Change is an inevitable part of life. This is exactly what Obierika and the Ibo clan must do, change, in order to survive the cultural collision of the Ibo and the colonizers in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart. Obierika is an example of the type of personality that has a strong sense of self and at the same time is open to new ideas. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Obierikas Strong Sense" essay for you Create order For this reason, Obierikas forward-thinking is key to how he survives the cultural collision; he respects the law of the land and the Oracle but doesnt follow blindly and is cautious to hold his own sense of identity. Obierikas strong sense of self comes from the customs of the Ibo that guided him in becoming one of the higher ranking men in his village. However, it is his forward-thinking that sets him apart from the rest of the Ibo. What crime had they commited? He asked himself when he thought deeply about the twins that are left to die in the Evil Forest. He respects his culture but knows that there is something ethically wrong with killing a baby. The colonizers bring new ideas about the way people should be treated, which line up with what he has been questioning since before they came. This ties in with his respect with is culture. Obierika is a man with a high title in his village due to his respect of the Ibo culture. He believes in the Oracle and the law of the land but the difference is that he doesnt follow blindly. But if the Oracle said that my son should be killed I would neither dispute it nor be the one to do it. He find a way to not be part of the death of an innocent and warns Okonkwo not to be part of it but fails. We see that later on Okonkwo suffers the consequences when he accidentally kills someone and has to flee the village to his motherland. Obierika shows that he remains Ibo in his beliefs but takes a stand when something that is ethically wrong happens. This is what helps him feel like he can identify with the colonizers. Although he identifies with them in a sense, he is careful to retain his identity as an Ibo. Obierika is curious about the colonists that come to Umuofia and shares with them about his culture as he learns about their culture. He even engages in conversations with Mr. Brown about the differences and similarities in their religions. Although he is very open to the new ideas hes learning, he does realize that their rich and complex culture is slowly dying. He has put a knife on the things that held us together and we have fallen apart. He understands that he doesnt have the power to keep them from destroying their culture completely, and sadly his friend too. Even though he couldnt save him, Obierika was able to save himself from the clash of cultures. In conclusion, Obierika is one of the more forward-thinking, wiser and cautious characters in this book and for this reason he survived the dangerous collision of Ibo and Christian cultures and beliefs. Many cultures are experiencing this since the world started getting explored and we see it now in our present lives in California with the many cultures that live here. Its not easy to make way for different ways of living but everybody has to try because having mutual respect for your neighbor is a universal feeling.

Wordsworth s Hope For Humans And Nature - 1497 Words

Wordsworth’s Hope for Humans and Nature Does anyone fully understand why people go for walks through the woods to try to relax? William Wordsworth believed that nature was a key that unlocked the soul trapped in the human body. In his poem, â€Å"I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud,† he described how free his soul felt when immersed in nature. Wordsworth loved nature and wanted the rest of the human race to become conscious of nature’s charm on the human soul. Wordsworth explained how he wanted humans to become more involved in nature by using peaceful metaphors, exciting personification, and a repetition of happiness and hope throughout this work. Wordsworth was a romantic poet throughout the 1800’s. â€Å"Romantic poetry was marked by heightened emotion and sentiment; a strong sense of individualism; a respect for nature, history and mysticism; and a return to first-person lyric poems,† (Mandell). As many of the poems in the romantic time period, this is a first person lyric. The speaker of the lyrical poem is Wordsworth’s soul when he is in nature. Nature was a crucial part of his life, as he would go on long trips across the country to spend copious amounts of time in nature. For example, â€Å"before his final semester, he set out on a walking tour of Europe, an experience that influenced both his poetry and political sensibilities.† (William Wordsworth). During majority of these escapades, he wrote many poems similar to this. Wordsworth wrote about nature and how happy he was whenShow MoreRelatedWordsworth And Shelley s On Powers And Illusions Of The Inner Imaginative Life1350 Words   |  6 Pages The Romantic period, a time that writers such as Wordsworth and Shelley focused their writing in the centre of life and social importance. An important aspect of Romanticism: its emphasis upon the power and terrors of the inner imaginative life (Watson, 2012, p. 1). The Prelude celebrates Wordsworth s life retained through memories and with the act of remembering, depicting emotions and experiences. Whereas, Shelley and the Ode to the West Wind engaged his audience with inner and outerRead MoreTintern Abbey, by William Wordsworth664 Words   |  3 PagesWilliam Wordsworth was a fanatic towards nature. From one of the texts written by William Wordsworth, Tintern Abbey describes nature at its finest. While this story was set in the Romantic time periods, Wordsworth would be the most important poet in the generation one poets. After spending five years away from what he had loved, Tintern Abbey, Wordsworth learned that it was the little things in life that mattered the most. Tinter n Abbey is located somewhere in the United Kingdom. Once was a greatRead MoreTintern Abbey Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesPresent, and Future: Finding Life Through Nature William Wordsworth poem #8220;Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey#8221; was included as the last item in his Lyrical Ballads. The general meaning of the poem relates to his having lost the inspiration nature provided him in childhood. Nature seems to have made Wordsworth human.The significance of the abbey is Wordsworth#8217;s love of nature. Tintern Abbey representes a safe haven for Wordsworth that perhaps symbolizes a everlasting connectionRead MoreVictory over Death in Wordsworth ¡Ã‚ ¯S  ¡Ã‚ °Intimations of Immortality Ode ¡Ã‚ ±1670 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Wordsworth, a nineteenth-century author, was no exception to this universal dilemma of considering death as the absolute end of one ¡Ã‚ ¯s existence or the beginning of one ¡Ã‚ ¯s existence in a new setting.  ¡Ã‚ °Nothing was more difficult for me in childhood than to admit the notion of death as a state applicable to my own being, ¡Ã‚ ± Wordsworth frankly describes to Isabella Fenwick in 1843 about the anxiety and fear he experienced when he first understood the concept of death. However, Wordsworth solvesRead MoreThe Sorrows Of Young Werther And Wordsworth s The Prelude1441 Words   |  6 PagesNature is a phenomenal thing in the world and it is largely referred to the physical world . indeed the humankind is a part of nature. Living in very relaxing nature give the human freedom of everything. Freedom is a very great word in the society , a direct cause and indirect conflicts of mankind on Earth, both own psychological conflicts or conflicts on the borders of the land. Freedom means the ability to make decisions, or select options, without any limitation or condition, any other autonomyRead More`` The Beat Goes On, I Am Your Host, By Caleb Argent, And Today1629 Words   |  7 PagesGood morning and welcome to the number 1 radio show, The Beat Goes On, I am your host, Caleb Argent, and today we will be going on a journey of reflection as we analysis the power words h ave in evoking human emotion through poems and modern songs alike. Poetry has been motivating, inspiring and inviting people to reflect on themselves for centuries. It has made people look back on the errors of their ways and come to terms with their mistakes. Poetry has the power to do all this because of the wayRead MoreAnalysis Of The Prelude And Lord Byron s Biting Epic1202 Words   |  5 PagesByron’s biting epic satire Don Juan. Incorporating either introspection and reflection or irony and satire, both works incorporate themes from the epic tradition while also subverting its significant aspects. It is essential to first consider the nature of epic poetry and the epic tradition. Classical epic poetry tends to stay true to a specific style and structure, exhibiting many of the same characteristics from story to story. Epic poems usually feature an omniscient narrator and an elevated styleRead MoreWilliam Wordsworth s The Prelude And Lord Byron s Biting Epic1219 Words   |  5 Pagesof these works incorporate themes from the epic tradition while also subverting its significant aspects, continuing the epic tradition while also revising and challenging it. Wordsworth and Byron play with the conventions of epic poetry by satirizing, subverting and challenging them. It is essential to first consider the nature of epic poetry and the epic tradition. Classical epic poetry tends to stay true to specific styles and structure, exhibiting many of the same characteristics from story to storyRead MoreOde Of Man And Nature By William Wordsworth And Samuel Taylor Coleridge974 Words   |  4 PagesBriana Patel Humn 211 Professor Wallausser November 4, 2014 Ode to Man and Nature Romanticism was a movement in the arts that flourished in Europe and America throughout much of the 19th century from the period of the French revolution in 1789. The writers of the Romantic era admired nature and celebrated the divinity of creation. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge were the two great poets of the Romantic period and it was the effort that they put together that created some of theRead MoreThe Prelude by William Wordsworth1181 Words   |  5 Pagesthe value of literature, art and nature. Young Wordsworths life during this inquisitive time establishes a unique context in which to describe the relation between ones experiences and ones developing views. Wordsworths life work, The Prelude, articulates his perspective on life as he engages in the culture of his era. Undoubtedly, the underlying theme of the Romantic Movement – consisting of artists such as Wordsworth – resonates in their emphasis on nature. The first book of The Prelude

Superposed Community Essay - 815 Words

â€Å"Dat Talk† What is a speech community? This may be a question asked by many. A Speech community is a group of people who share the same norms and expectations regarding the use of language. Everyone belongs to some type of speech community based on their demographic background, race, or age. Every day I use words that may only be acceptable and understood by the people included in my speech community. Depending on the place or scenario my words may slightly be altered to adjust to the speech community I am entering. When I’m with my friends a normal conversation may go, â€Å"what’s good bro?† meaning what is going on or how are you doing? â€Å"You at the crib bro?† a phrase used to know if one of our friends is at his place of residence. In my†¦show more content†¦I feel that slang and language itself has come a long way. There was a day where I asked an elderly lady at my job if she knew what molly was she explained with a confused face that she didn’t. I told her that molly was the street name for the drug ecstasy. She then told me that when she was my age they called it ex or the love drug I had never heard of the love drug before. This is an example of how words used are change based on your age, race, or norm of that ti me period. I feel that race has a lot to do with the words people use this day in age; for example an African American may call his house a crib and a European American may call it his home. In many cases, people would call this speaking in ebonics. Some words that my speech community use are widely used by others around the same age, and that is also a factor of the drastic change in word development. When a member of my group hears an elder use slang younger people use it’s amusing I feel like the older generation is stepping out of their norm when it comes to staying up to date with the new slang. There are a few older people who catch on to the lingo my group and I use, and try to incorporate it into their lives to feel young ,and keep up with the norms of the constant changing world. During our daily lives the members of my speech community seem to know what slang to use during a certain situation. I belong to a few speech communities, but my friends seemShow MoreRela tedSpeech Communities1429 Words   |  6 PagesMerriam-Webster Dictionary a speech community is defined as a socially distinct group that develops a dialect; a variety of language that diverges from the national language in vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar. Gumperz, Dorian, Fishman, Labov, Hymes, and Corder helped define a speech community. This essay will touch on the basis of multiple aspects of a speech community depending on their similarities and differences as well as how the concepts of these speech communities relate to such articles writtenRead MoreDiglossia1349 Words   |  6 Pagesstandard or regional standards), there is a very divergent, highly codified (often grammatically more complex) superposed variety, the vehicle of a large and respected body of written literature, either of an earlier period or in another speech community, which is learned largely by formal education and is used for most written and formal spoken purposes but is not used by any section of the community for ordinary conversation. (Ferguson, Charles (1959). Diglossia. Word 15: 325–340.) Language is a veryRead MoreIslam s Influence On Islam2245 Words   |  9 Pagesfirst groups of people were the Umayyads, who went to Spain and Damascus and altered the building of certain monuments. In Cordoba, Spain, the Umayyads conquered the land under the new Umayyad dynasty founded by Abd al Rahman, and diversified the community with their sciences, culture and tradition. Abd al-Rahman was a surviving member of the Umayyad family line, and once he conquered Cordoba with the help of the Syrians, the proclaimed the Umayyad empire independent which lasted for over two hundredRead MoreSpread Of Islam : Worldwide Architecture Essay1861 Words   |  8 Pagesfirst groups of people were the Umayyads, who went to Spain and Morocco and altered the building of certain monuments. In Cordoba, Spain, the Umayyads conquered the land under the new Umayyad dynasty founded by Abd al Rahman, and diversified the community with their sciences, culture and tradition. Abd al-Rahman was a survivin g member of the Umayyad family line, and once he conquered Cordoba with the help of the Syrians, the proclaimed the Umayyad empire independent which lasted for over two hundredRead MoreLanguage Planning and Language Development4062 Words   |  17 Pageswhich account for regional linguistic differences even where a single language is dominant. In the past, linguists assumed a uniform and invariant structure of language. At the present moment it is generally accepted that the speech matrix of a community is constituted of varieties of varieties of the language. These are generally treated under rubrics of style, register, dialect, sociolect, etc. While in a single dominant language society, the different varieties tend to have specialised functions

Developing Professional Practice in Hrd free essay sample

Until recently HRD has been seen as a reactive support function, but your role has evolved to reflect the changing nature of the HRD function as it becomes more of a strategic business partner. Development budgets have also become centralised completely to the HRD function. You have conducted a needs analysis and the manager’s view of his team’s development needs doesn’t match your own findings. To complicate things, some small groups have emerged in his section, with conflicting views on the need for development and what form it should take. Task Your approach to meeting the development needs favours on the manager doing some on-the-job coaching and providing shadowing opportunities elsewhere in the business. The manager strongly disagrees, believing that the performance issues can be rectified by his team attending a short off site training course. He now believes more senior management intervention is needed to resolve the growing disagreement between you both. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing Professional Practice in Hrd or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page †¢ What do you think are the potential sources of conflict between you and the manager? Firstly the manager’s length of service, having been with the company for â€Å"several years† suggests that he possibly sees himself as an expert in his role and is averse to the changing culture of the HRD function. He may lack understanding of my role as a strategic business partner having been used to the function previously providing reactive support. Is he resentful about a collaborative style of working? Does he feel that his expertise is being taken away in the decision making processes? Is he playing power games and engaging in political behaviour to enhance his own position? Organisation politics are a reality in most organisations, and while game-playing might outwardly appear to be wasted time, it is necessary in order to secure resources, progress ideas, achieve personal goals and often to enhance one’s standing. † https://dspace. lib. cranfield. ac. uk/bitstream/1826/4342/1/You_stab_my_back. p df His control of the development budget has been taken away and is now managed by the HRD function. Does this make him feel that responsibility has been taken away from him, taking away power and causing resentment towards me as a representative from HRD. Again, this could give cause for him to engage in politics to ascertain his position. Politics within an organisation can be vital in the progression of objectives, gaining different ideas, skills and views. The danger lies in these differences not being acknowledged or managed skilfully. The findings from my needs analysis immediately contradict his viewpoint and challenge his knowledge of his own team’s needs. The manager believes that training courses are the answer to all of his team’s performance issues – I believe that on the job coaching is a more effective way of managing performance another direct conflict of views. In sending them on a training course, the onus is put on the HRD function. In carrying out regular on the spot coaching, the onus lies on the manager. Does he fear this? I see benefit in the manager shadowing others within the business as a part of his development so that he can see how effectively on the job coaching is working in other parts of the business. The potential conflict will be getting him to see the benefits of on the job coaching and getting him to shadow to see those benefits! Why do you think the different groups within the function have conflicting thoughts about the need for development and the form it should take? The formation of smaller groups within the team concerns me and particularly their conflicting views on the need for development and the form it should take. How well does the manager manage his team? How much of an interest does he take in the development of his team on an individual and group basis? How often does he speak to them about their developme nt? How encouraging is he? How is he managing the small groups? How much influence does he have over certain team members? Their views could be genuinely held and genuinely match their manager’s, but as the groups have â€Å"emerged† I suspect that he is influencing them through using his power as a manager. Potential sources of power that he could be using can be identified by French and Raven’s research (DPPPparticipantpack Page 40): Legitimate – do they believe that because he is their manager that he has the right to expect compliance and acceptance of his own views on their development? Reward – do they believe that he has the ability to give them the development that they want or prevent them from getting any unless they agree with his views? Expert – is the manager declaring that he knows what’s best for them having been in the position for several years? Referent – does the manager have closer interpersonal relationships with certain members who he can influence more easily? Coercive – does the manager issue threats to certain team members if they don’t agree with his views? These threats can be about redundancy, demotion or similar. If the manager is using any of the above sources of power to influence his team, then this would need to be found out and addressed very quickly. I’d like to think that the workshops mentioned later in the assignment may gives hints around why small groups have emerged so that these behaviours can be managed moving forwards. †¢ What would you do to avoid conflict developing between you and the manager? In Tuckmann’s Team Development Model (DPPPparticipantpack Page 36), we are at the â€Å"storming† stage of our relationship. At this stage we have got to know each other through the â€Å"forming† stage and our differences in opinions are coming to the surface and disagreements have arisen. We need to work through this to reach the next phase in our relationship – â€Å"norming† so that we can start to agree goals and solutions to achieve them. I need to remain assertive and not take his game playing personally, but rather see it as a vital part in the progress of our relationship. My first action point in preventing conflict from developing would be to set up a meeting with the manager to discuss our potential sources of conflict. I’d explain beforehand that I’d like the objective of the meeting to focus on finding a solution to at least one of the areas of conflict and agree an action plan that we can move forward with. According to Thomas-Kilmann’s conflict styles, this represents a collaborative style of dealing with conflict. â€Å"Collaborating involves an attempt to work with others to find some solution that fully satisfies their concerns. It means digging into an issue to pinpoint the underlying needs and wants of the two individuals. Collaborating between two persons might take the form of exploring a disagreement to learn from each others insights or trying to find a creative solution to an interpersonal problem. † http://www. kilmann. com/conflict. tml During the meeting I’d encourage him to be honest with his views before sharing mine. This would avoid him thinking that I was there purely to impose my own views and shows that I’m interested in his points of view. Whilst he’s talking, I will actively listen to his views and ask questions to gain an in-depth understanding. I wouldn’t mention my own views at this point. In doing this he gets to talk about his concerns; I get to listen and understand what lies behind them. It also sets the tone for the meeting and allows for an open and honest conversation on both sides. When he’s finished talking, I will talk through my points of view and encourage him to ask questions, in the same way that I did with him. This is where influencing, persuasion and negotiation can start†¦ †¢ How would you persuade him of the benefits of your approach and gain his approval to avoid senior management intervention? In holding the initial meeting with him and gaining an understanding of his needs and concerns, I can start to influence and persuade him by presenting a factual and balanced case around the actions I have in mind. There are four basic influencing skills which I’d use during the meeting: †¢ Asserting Using positive and assertive language. Expressing my views clearly, directly and honestly. †¢ Bridging Drawing out his points of view by listening and questioning to show that I’ve understood what he’s saying and linking my views with his. Attracting Aiming to get him enthused by my propositions and getting him to feel he is taking part in an important and exciting project Observing Watching his reactions to what I’m saying through his body language, facial expressions, tone of voice and verbal reaction. †¢ These basic skills form a fundamental part of the negotiation process which will take place with the manager. To effectively negotiate I’d need to ensure that before the meeting I prepare myself by: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ defining my objective(s) and thinking about what I’d like to achieve by the end of it get the facts and wri te them all down organise my argument in thinking about how I present my ideas in a positive and enthusiastic way anticipate objections from him During the meeting I’d: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ find out what the manager wants through listening and asking questions look for hidden agendas prepare a simple presentation, with impact but ensuring that I keep it on his level and use a language that he’ll understand make him a contributor to my ideas by involving him and encouraging his input sell the benefits positively gain commitment and take immediate action DPPPparticipantpack Page 39 The immediate action from this meeting would be to agree our top priority to work with. The top priority that I’d try to influence during the meeting would be to go right back to basics and revisit the needs analysis for the team. I’d suggest running workshops with the team, which both of us would co-facilitate. By doing this, the manager would hear directly from his people what their development needs are, at the same time as me, which would allow us to progress with our next plan of action. In doing this, we are working together at each stage which will help to build trust and develop a collaborative style of working. Your word count is 1500 (+/- 10%). References used: https://dspace. lib. cranfield. ac. uk/bitstream/1826/4342/1/You_stab_ my_back. pdf DPPPparticipantpack Page 36 http://www. kilmann. com/conflict. html DPPPparticipantpack Page 39 DPPPparticipantpack Page 40 Bibliography www. mindtools. com www. businessballs. com www. cipd. co. uk DPPPparticipantpack Include a list of cited References and a separate Bibliography of sources consulted but not specifically mentioned in preparing your response. These do not count towards your word count. Understand what is required to be an effective and efficient HRD professional Tips CIPD Assessment Criteria met from this activity 3. 1 Describe the elements of group dynamics and conflict resolution methods. 3. 2 Apply a range of methods for influencing, persuading and negotiating with others. 3. 3 Explain the presence of political behaviour and how it impacts on achieving organisation objectives.

Society and Culture free essay sample

Action research is carried out be people who usually recognize a problem or limitation in their workplace situation and, together, devise a plan to counteract the problem, implement the plan, observe what happens, reflect on these outcomes, revise the plan, implement it, reflect, revise and so on. Action research can be though of as a spiral of planning, acting, observing and reflecting, occruing through time until the most desirable outcomes for all participants are achieved. | The Nature of Social and Cultural Continuity and Change| Understanding continuity and change through:| Identifying the nature of social and cultural continuity and change| The concepts of continuity and change are commonly used in our society, but for many of us they are hard to define. These terms share the feature of time being a determining factor. It is the opportunity of time that allows a society to develop and modify itself to change. Likewise when we observe a particular culture or community over a period of time we can oberve clear continuities. We will write a custom essay sample on Society and Culture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The term social change is a term used within sociology and applies to modifications in social relationships or culture (the term cultural change is the term used within anthropology). Since society and culture are interdependent, sociocultural change is a more accepted term. The study of sociocultural change is the systematic study of variation in social and cultural systems. There are inherent methodological problems of identification and measurement of change, and rarely does one cause produce one effect. All societies are involved in a process of social change, however, this change may be so incremental that the members of the society are hardly aware of it. People living in very traditional societies would be in this category. Societies are characterised by change: the rate of change, the processes of change, and the directions of change. The actions of individuals, organisations and social movements have an impact on society and may become the catalyst for social change. The actions of individuals, however, occur within the context of culture, institutions and power structures inherited from the past, and usually, for these individuals to effect dramatic social change, the society itself is tripe for change. Broad social trends, for example, shifts in population, urbanisation, industrialisation and bureaucratisation, can lead to significant social change. In the past, this has been associated with modernisation, the process whereby a society moves from traditional, less developed modes of production (like small-scale agriculture) to technologically advanced industrial modes of production. Trends like population growth and urbanisation have a significant impact on other aspects of society, like social structure, institutions and culture. Nineteenth and early Twentieth Century social theorists focused fairly extensively on modernisation, but they tended to present on oversimplified grand narrative which resulted from heavily ideological interpretations of the contrast between tradition and modernisation. They also attempted to externalise absolutes, social laws as they saw them, and they argued that these social laws were operative in structurally similar societies. Social continuity cannot simply be defined as the absence of social change, that is, things remaining the same, because social change is a continual process in all societies. Nothing remains the same. However, within societies there are structures which are inherently resistant to change, and in this sense, we can talk about them as being social continuities. Individuals within societies need social continuities to a lesser or greater extent, depending on significant factors like age, gender, education, access to power, wealth, vested interest, etc. Even rock-solid institutions like the family, the law, and religions are subject to change, even though they represent social continuity. There has always been family and it is still the foundational institution for society and the primary agent of socialisation, however the composition of family has changed in recent years, leading to different kinds of families and different socialisation experiences for their members. The same ideas can be applied to law and religion. Social and cultural continuities can be likened to individuals habits comfortable patterns of behaviour that give individuals a sense of security and personal control a haven or a respite in a sea of social and cultural change. There is a high correlation between the rate of social and cultural change and resistance to that change. In times when members of a society feel that change is out of control, it is likely that the desire for continuity becomes more extreme, resulting in backward-looking idealisations of the past. While social change is itself a continuity, certain periods of human history have created great transformations (Polanyi 1973). The Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution created one such Great Transformation. Polanyi saw it as beginning in the 17th and 18th centuries and continuing today, characterised by:| | | †¢ the rise of a capitalist, global economy and growth in production and wealth †¢ a scientific revolution new ways of thinking about causation, moving from religious to secular †¢ a new concept of time population growth, immigration and urbanisation political move to nation, which involved governments expanding their control to social, economic and cultural life, followed by the extension of that control to other, less advanced countries (colonialism/imperialism) either through military conquest or trade conquest and today, perhaps, characterised by conquest through communication (eg. the Americanisation or westernisation of culture). | | | According to Bessant and Watts (1999: 20):A key sign of the magnitude of the changes in that first Great Transformation is found in the ways people continued talking about the experience of loss, the world we have lost. Phrases like the death of God, demise of the family, and the loss of community reflect the long-standing feelings of bereavement and loss that accompanied the modernising experience. Polanyi would argue that similar feelings of loss and bereavement are expressed, in similar terms, today in our post-modern society where rapid, often dramatic change has become almost the norm. Although many individuals, for example, Marx, Toennies, Comte and Spencer developed different versions of what Comte called sociology, the science of society, it wasnt until the late 1 9th century that sociology as established as an academic discipline. Social theories came out of this new discipline, as attempts to explain, or account for, social change. Social theories were, and still are today, products of their times and are characterised to a greater or lesser extent by the prevailing views and ideologies of their eras. When studying social theories, and using one or more of them in an attempt to explain soc ial and cultural change, it is important to recognise this fact about them and to be conscious, if not critical, of the biases, values and assumptions inherent in them. Sociological theory can be roughly divided into periods during which different schools of theoretical thought tended to be dominant:| | | †¢ from the late Nineteenth/early Twentieth Century until the 1 92Os, while Sociology was establishing itself as an academic discipline in Its own right (there was, at the same time, a development of Anthropology) Social Darwinism, early evolutionary theory, which was functionalist in its perspective, was a dominant school of thought †¢ the 1940s -1960s was the era of Structural Functionalism (Parsons, Spencer, Durkheim and Comte) by the mid-1 960s (1 960s 1 980s), Marxism, Weberian sociology, Feminism and Symbolic Interactionism were dominant †¢ most recently, Post-Modernism (also called Post-Structuralism) has tended to dominate sociological thinking. | | | This division isnt absolute in that different schools of sociological thought agreed with, disagreed with, borrowed and rejected aspects of each others premises. Even within th e different schools of thought, there is acceptance and rejection of other proponents ideas. | | * TIME Past| Present| Future| What was it like? Why? | What’s changed? Why? What’s the same? Why? | What will change? Why? What will remain? Why? | | Examining the impact of continuity change upon the lives of people in the micro and macro worlds| Family structures- there is no doubt that the nature of structures within the family unit have also changed over the last few decades. In Australian society post WW2, the culture of the day was changing dramatically. Australians for the first time, in some cases, were being exposed to different patterns of living and cultural values with the arrival of many immigrants from many countries around the world. This tradition of immigration to Australia has continued, often as a reaction to world events. Prior to the second WW the most common family model was known as nuclear, two generations living together. However in the past few deceased it has become more common for families to extend. This has been due to either older relatives needing to live with younger generations, or for cultural reasons. In addition to this, the increase of divorce has resulted in a range of new family structures forming. These new structures can range from single-parents to blended families. There are also indicators that tell us though that there are some aspects of the family unit that are changed over the past few decades- continuity-particularly when we look at its purpose. In modern western societies the responsibility of child raising lies with the immediate family. This is one aspect of the role of the family unit that is still a cultural norm. Parents are still seen to be the primary care givers and with the help of other adults around them take on the responsibility for all aspects of their Childs development. All members of that family have a responsibility to that distinct group. This sense of belonging to a distinct social group complete with mutual rights and obligations is also largely unchanged. In western cultures, it is still the family that has one of the most crucial roles in socialising children. This socialisation enables these children to participate in their given society as an adult. Characteristics of students-Many of the changes that have occurred in the way young people approach their education are reflective of the societal change that all of us experience on a daily basis in our society. It is clear that in a relatively short space of time approaches to learning and communication have changed dramatically. In relation to learning specifically, the Millennials: -favour group activity- are able to multi-task with ease-respond and adapt to new technologies very quickly-are positive in their attitude to learning-use technology such as the internet for work and leisureBy that comparison we need to keep in mind, for many Generation X-ers the computer was not commonly used during their peak years of formal education. Technology has also influenced the manner in which students wish to communicate with other students and their teachers. As young people are now used to being able to message people immediately and have a quick response, the manner in which they want to communicate in their general relationships in their micro world has also changed dramatically by comparison to the students before them. Clearly there has been significant change in the way in which young people approach technology and their learning generally. Continuity- the benefit of using different strategies in learning such as visual, linguistic, audiotry, kinaesthetic in order that learning is well balanced has always been evident. While there has always been different trends in approaches to learning, it has been acknowledged for decades that there are many modes of learning on offer to us as students. The need for students to learn from and communicate to others around them during the learning process has also been seen of value for a long period of time. Distinguishing between personal experience and public knowledge | | Examining the role of power and authority in social and cultural continuity and change| | Introducing theories of social change and evaluating their role in explaining continuities and changes in society| | Explore continuity and change through examination of the following questions:When we discuss change we are referring to cultural and social change. Human society according to Toffler has gone through three specific stages of change:- the agrarian revolution: the change in settlement patterns from nomadic to stable communities. Much technological change with regard to ways of working e. g. use of the plough- The industrial revolution: the era of machine replacing muscle, the advent of the use of steam in factories. Production rates increased dramatically as the factory system developed. The development of the new merchant class and a middle class were the major social changes of the day. The working classes also grew with both agricultural workers and urban workers. -The information revolution- this has been referred to as the era of machine replacing the mind. The development of technologies particularly in relation to communication and information technologies. Suter reminds us that there is a correlation between the agrarian revolution, industrial revolution and information revolution and the concepts of power and authority. Agrarian Revolution=monarchy: feudal system, kings and queens, emperors, pharaohs, maharajas. A rule by hereditary elites. Industrial Revolution=Nation State: Rise of democracy, republics, communism: informed public now choose their government, such as voting for the president or electing a prime minister-Information Revolution=? Is this change yet to be define? Who is really running the world? Corportation? Macro groups like the EU? What is the role of the UN, the World Economic Forum and the World Bank? Al-Qaeda? | Is all change necessarily progress? | | Which groups benefit from change? Which do not? | | Are westernization, modernization and industrialization inevitable? | |

Global Misconceptions in The WHO Video

Global Misconceptions in The WHO Video Introduction The WHO video on chronic illness acts as a revelation, for the reason that it provides the audience with a view of the chronic health conditions in the developing countries. It serves to dispel numerous myths and misconceptions about the suffering of people in the third world countries from what have traditionally been viewed as lifestyle diseases, mostly affecting residents of the developing countries.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Misconceptions in The WHO Video specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More People have tended to assume that the third world countries were immune or at least not prone to conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, and heart attacks, among others (WHO, 2014). Despite the assumptions, the video dismisses this information by indicating that 80% of the people who die come from low and middle-income nations. In addition, they are likely to affect women and children as they would affect men. The video contains several personal stories of victims from developing countries, most of whom are living in poverty and have been severely affected by chronic diseases. The stories focused on people living with chronic diseases and the underlying risks, given that today millions of people are dying, and many others are becoming disabled because of chronic diseases (WHO, 2014). The stories are aimed at raising the awareness. They demonstrate the very deep and personal impact of the diseases on individuals, their families, and communities. Are individual behaviors to blame? Individuals are not necessarily responsible for getting chronic conditions since, although the causes are known, many people often suffer from them even when they have not been exposed. In addition, some of them are genetic and/or environmental, which limits the extent to which potential victims can take actions. However, in some cases, individuals’ lifestyles significantly contribute to their vulnera bility. For example, someone who consumes excess amounts of junk food or alcohol would have relatively high chances of suffering from diabetes. Similarly, a heavy smoker would also be at a high risk of suffering from cancer because of his or her lifestyle (WHO, 2014). Nonetheless, the idea that nothing can be done is fallacious, since there are numerous measures that an individual can take to protect himself or herself.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These include regular exercises, a healthy diet, and frequent medical checkups. While they might not eliminate the risks of getting a condition, such as cancer or diabetes, risks would be significantly reduced. Developed vs. developing countries While chronic diseases are for the most part preventable, governments and health organizations in many third world countries have found it very difficult to address them due to s everal factors. In developing nations, the education levels are very low, which result in ignorance that complicates efforts to provide citizens with health education. In some societies, people refuse to accept the connection between lifestyle and illness, and blame supernatural powers or witchcraft. In addition, owing to insufficient funds and/or research data in relation to the scope of the problem, efforts to address these problems are often disorganized. Hence, they tend not to be very effective. Conversely, on the West, an educated population takes the issue very seriously, and many studies have been carried out on it, which makes it comparatively easy to address the matter (WHO, 2014). However, in the developed nations, there is a unique challenge because, despite the awareness of the risk factors, people often ignore them. In low-income nations, the main challenge is to get sufficient resources to fight the diseases, while, in the high-income ones, it is to educate people abo ut the risks of chronic diseases. Reference WHO. (Executive producer). (2014). Face to face with chronic disease. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO.

Specification of writing business plans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Specification of writing business plans - Essay Example The paper tells that in the conditions of changeable economics, stability and success of every economic player can be insured only by effective planning of its economic performance. The planning program of business optimization is represented by business plan, which is working instrument used in every sphere of entrepreneurship. This document describes the process of firm’s functioning and shows essential methods that can help supervisors to attain own goals and tasks. Good structured business plan helps enterprise grow, conquer new position on the market, build perspective concepts of launching new goods and services, choose rational methods of their implementation and receive various ways of financing. According to Collins, â€Å"Business plans are like sell sheets on steroids. It details your current financial position and your path to revenue growth†. Creation of business plan is conventional and generally adopted way to define objectives of economic performance and outline initial routes for their achievements. This document can be carried out for start-up as much as for already existed entry on successive stage of its development. Business plan is an objective evaluation of own entrepreneurial performance and extremely important instrument of production according to market needs. Successful co-founder and co-owner of Roaring Lion Energy Drink that is worth millions of dollars, Sean Hackney, stated that writing business plan was absolutely worthwhile, because there were a lot of ideas that needed to be put on paper. (as cited in Henricks, 2008, p. 94). The main purpose of elaborating business plan is to predict economic and financial performance of the company for the nearest perspectives, taking into account needs of target consumers and abilities of getting required resources. Goals of business planning Traditionally business plan is considered to be an efficacious mode that helps to attract finance needed for project’s implementatio n. However, many specialists highlight other not less important tasks, which can be carried out with a help of business plan. They are the following: defining concrete directions of performance and target markets; formulating long-term and short-term goals, strategy and tactics of their attaining; choosing the most appropriate products and appraising production and costs of marketing; revealing correspondence of present staff and conditions of motivation with qualifying standards; outlining marketing measures aimed at marketing research, advertising, sale promotion, pricing; evaluating financial state of the company and availability of financial and maternal resources; predicting obstacles that may hinder practical implementation of the project. According to Smith (2004), planning process provides assistance in delegation of responsibilities, results in better co-ordination of resources and encourages constant forward thinking (p. 3). Elaboration of business plan is time-taking and rather laborious process, but implementation of this complex multi-functional document has several objectives. First of all, business plan encourages attraction of external capital. Financial calculations of mentioned document are able to explain what sum of start-up financial resources is required, how they are going to be returned to potential investors and creditors, what risks can take place and others. Secondly, on the beginning stage of project’s implementation business plan insures communication between entrepreneur and future suppliers, merchandisers and employees. Then it helps to avoid impediments before setting up own business. Also business plan is a reliable way to model system of